Curriculum Lattes ORCID SciProfiles Scopus Web of Science substationworm LFFreitasGutierres

📝 Tarefas

[!WARNING] Ao utilizar motores de busca especializados ou Google dorks para identificar dispositivos OT expostos na Internet, não interajas nem tentes aceder a sistemas reais. As tarefas deste documento são estritamente educativas, observacionais e não intrusivas, e devem cumprir integralmente os padrões éticos e legais.

  • 1️⃣ Verifica o endereço IP da estação de trabalho otlab-student.
  • 2️⃣ Determina o intervalo da subrede da rede onde a estação otlab-student está implementada.
  • 3️⃣ Descobre o endereço IP, o endereço MAC e a informação do fabricante de outros hosts ativos dentro da rede.
    • Dica: é um PLC.
  • 4️⃣ Identifica as portas abertas e os serviços disponíveis no host OT-ICS tanto em TCP como em UDP.
  • 5️⃣ Determina o protocolo de comunicação industrial proprietário utilizado pelo PLC.
  • 6️⃣ Obtém informação adicional do sistema através do protocolo SNMP.
  • 7️⃣ Identifica o número total de dispositivos OT-ICS de acesso público que usam o mesmo protocolo industrial proprietário que conpot-plc através de um motor de busca especializado como Shodan ou FOFA.
  • 8️⃣ Localiza um dispositivo OT exposto publicamente que use o mesmo protocolo industrial que conpot-plc através de Google dorking.

🛠️ Ferramentas

  • As seguintes ferramentas estão disponíveis na estação de trabalho otlab-student para completar o OTLab 1: ifconfig, masscan, netdiscover, nmap e snmpwalk.

🔖 Nomenclatura

  • ICS: sistema de controlo industrial.
  • IP: protocolo de Internet.
  • MAC: controlo de acesso ao meio.
  • OT: tecnologia operacional.
  • PLC: controlador lógico programável.
  • SNMP: protocolo simples de gestão de rede.
  • TCP: protocolo de controlo de transmissão.
  • UDP: protocolo de datagramas de utilizador.
📝 RESOLUÇÃO (ver conteúdo) ▼

      
#!/bin/bash

lab_name="OTLab01"
compose_file="${lab_name}.yml"

ot_container_name="conpot-plc"
ews_container_name="otlab-student"
kali_image="kalilinux/kali-rolling"
ubuntu_image="ubuntu:22.04"

lab_net="plc-lab-net"

# ----------------------------------------
# Function to display the banner
show_banner() {                       
    printf "\033[1;33m" # Yellow and bold
    echo " _____ _____ __        _   "
    echo "|     |_   _|  |   ___| |_ "
    echo "|  |  | | | |  |__| .'| . |"
    echo "|_____| |_| |_____|__,|___|"
    printf "\033[1;37m" # White and bold
    printf "Exercise:  01-Basics of OT-ICS Device Discovery\n"
    printf "Version:   1.1\n"
    printf "Author:    substationworm\n"
    printf "Contact:   in/lffreitas-gutierres\n"
    printf "\033[0m" # Reset all styles
    echo ""
}

# ----------------------------------------
# Function to generate Docker Compose file
generate_compose_file() {
    local ews_image="$1"
    
    cat > "$compose_file" <<EOF
services:
  $ot_container_name:
    image: honeynet/conpot:latest
    container_name: $ot_container_name
    hostname: $ot_container_name
    mac_address: 00:1C:06:94:0F:F0
    networks:
      $lab_net:
        ipv4_address: 172.28.1.10
    cap_add:
      - NET_ADMIN
      - NET_RAW
    privileged: true
    command: ["/home/conpot/.local/bin/conpot", "-f", "--template", "default"]

  $ews_container_name:
    image: $ews_image
    container_name: $ews_container_name
    hostname: $ews_container_name
    command: bash -c "apt update && apt install -y iputils-ping nmap masscan tshark net-tools netdiscover snmp && tail -f /dev/null"
    networks:
      $lab_net:
        ipv4_address: 172.28.1.20
    privileged: true

networks:
  $lab_net:
    name: $lab_net
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.28.0.0/16
EOF
}

# ----------------------------------------
# System requirements check
check_requirements() {
    error_flag=0

    if ! command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Docker is not installed on this system.\n"
        error_flag=1
    elif ! docker info >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Docker is installed, but not accessible.\n"
        error_flag=1
    fi

    if command -v docker-compose >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD="docker-compose"
    elif docker compose version >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD="docker compose"
    else
        printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Docker Compose is not installed.\n"
        error_flag=1
    fi

    if [ "$error_flag" -eq 1 ]; then
        printf "\033[31m✘ The $lab_name system requirements check failed.\033[0m\n"
        exit 1
    fi
}

# ----------------------------------------
# Function to check if a container exists
container_exists() {
    docker ps -a --format '{{.Names}}' | grep -q "$1"
}

# ----------------------------------------
# Command handling
case "$1" in
    -start)
        show_banner
        distro="${2:-ubuntu}"

        if [[ "$distro" == "kali" ]]; then
            selected_image="$kali_image"
        elif [[ "$distro" == "ubuntu" ]]; then
            selected_image="$ubuntu_image"
        else
            printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Invalid distro. Please use 'kali' or 'ubuntu'.\n"
            exit 1
        fi

        check_requirements
        printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Starting $lab_name. . .\n"
        generate_compose_file "$selected_image"
        $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" up -d
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
            printf "\033[32m✔ $lab_name started.\033[0m\n"
        else
            printf "\033[31m✘ $lab_name failed to start.\033[0m\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -stop)
        show_banner
        if container_exists "$ot_container_name" || container_exists "$ews_container_name"; then
            check_requirements
            printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Stopping $lab_name. . .\n"
            $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" stop
            printf "\033[32m✔ $lab_name stopped.\033[0m\n"
        else
            printf "\033[34m[Information]\033[0m No containers to stop.\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -clean)
        show_banner
        if container_exists "$ot_container_name" || container_exists "$ews_container_name"; then
            check_requirements
            printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Cleaning up all $lab_name resources. . .\n"
            $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" down -v
            docker network rm "$lab_net" 2>/dev/null
            rm -f "$compose_file"
            printf "\033[32m✔ All $lab_name resources removed.\033[0m\n"
        else
             printf "\033[34m[Information]\033[0m No containers found to clean.\n"
             exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -run)
        show_banner
        if container_exists "$ews_container_name"; then
            check_requirements
            printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Accessing $ews_container_name terminal. . .\n"
            docker exec -it "$ews_container_name" bash
        else
            printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Container $ews_container_name not found.\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -restart)
        show_banner
        check_requirements
        if [ ! -f "$compose_file" ]; then
            printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Cannot restart: $compose_file not found.\n"
            exit 1
        fi

        printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Restarting $lab_name. . .\n"
        $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" up -d
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
            printf "\033[32m✔ $lab_name restarted.\033[0m\n"
        else
            printf "\033[31m✘ $lab_name failed to restart.\033[0m\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -status)
        show_banner
        check_requirements
        $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" ps
        ;;
    *)
        show_banner
        echo "Usage: $0 -start [kali|ubuntu] | -stop | -clean | -run | -restart | -status"
        echo ""
        echo "  -start     Start the $lab_name environment using the specified distro (default: ubuntu)"
        echo "             Valid options: kali (rolling) or ubuntu (22.04)"
        echo "  -run       Open a terminal inside the $ews_container_name container"
        echo "  -clean     Remove containers, volumes, and network"
        echo "  -stop      Stop all containers"
        echo "  -restart   Restart previously stopped containers"
        echo "  -status    Show current containers status"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac
📝 RESOLUÇÃO OFFLINE (ver conteúdo) ▼

      
#!/bin/bash

lab_name="OTLab01"
compose_file="${lab_name}.yml"

ot_container_name="conpot-plc"
ews_container_name="otlab-student"
kali_image="ews-image-kali01"
ubuntu_image="ews-image-ubuntu01"

lab_net="plc-lab-net"

# ----------------------------------------
# Function to display the banner
show_banner() {                       
    printf "\033[1;33m" # Yellow and bold
    echo " _____ _____ __        _   "
    echo "|     |_   _|  |   ___| |_ "
    echo "|  |  | | | |  |__| .'| . |"
    echo "|_____| |_| |_____|__,|___|"
    printf "\033[1;37m" # White and bold
    printf "Exercise:  01-Basics of OT-ICS Device Discovery\n"
    printf "Version:   1.1-Offline\n"
    printf "Author:    substationworm\n"
    printf "Contact:   in/lffreitas-gutierres\n"
    printf "\033[0m" # Reset all styles
    echo ""
}

# ----------------------------------------
# Function to generate Docker Compose file
generate_compose_file() {
    local ews_image="$1"
    
    cat > "$compose_file" <<EOF
services:
  $ot_container_name:
    image: honeynet/conpot:latest
    container_name: $ot_container_name
    hostname: $ot_container_name
    mac_address: 00:1C:06:94:0F:F0
    networks:
      $lab_net:
        ipv4_address: 172.28.1.10
    cap_add:
      - NET_ADMIN
      - NET_RAW
    privileged: true
    command: ["/home/conpot/.local/bin/conpot", "-f", "--template", "default"]

  $ews_container_name:
    image: $ews_image
    container_name: $ews_container_name
    hostname: $ews_container_name
    networks:
      $lab_net:
        ipv4_address: 172.28.1.20
    privileged: true

networks:
  $lab_net:
    name: $lab_net
    driver: bridge
    ipam:
      config:
        - subnet: 172.28.0.0/16
EOF
}

# ----------------------------------------
# System requirements check
check_requirements() {
    error_flag=0

    if ! command -v docker >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Docker is not installed on this system.\n"
        error_flag=1
    elif ! docker info >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Docker is installed, but not accessible.\n"
        error_flag=1
    fi

    if command -v docker-compose >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD="docker-compose"
    elif docker compose version >/dev/null 2>&1; then
        DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD="docker compose"
    else
        printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Docker Compose is not installed.\n"
        error_flag=1
    fi

    if [ "$error_flag" -eq 1 ]; then
        printf "\033[31m✘ The $lab_name system requirements check failed.\033[0m\n"
        exit 1
    fi
}

# ----------------------------------------
# Function to check if a container exists
container_exists() {
    docker ps -a --format '{{.Names}}' | grep -q "$1"
}

# ----------------------------------------
# Command handling
case "$1" in
    -start)
        show_banner
        distro="${2:-ubuntu}"

        if [[ "$distro" == "kali" ]]; then
            selected_image="$kali_image"
        elif [[ "$distro" == "ubuntu" ]]; then
            selected_image="$ubuntu_image"
        else
            printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Invalid distro. Please use 'kali' or 'ubuntu'.\n"
            exit 1
        fi

        check_requirements
        printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Starting $lab_name. . .\n"
        generate_compose_file "$selected_image"
        $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" up -d
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
            printf "\033[32m✔ $lab_name started.\033[0m\n"
        else
            printf "\033[31m✘ $lab_name failed to start.\033[0m\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -stop)
        show_banner
        if container_exists "$ot_container_name" || container_exists "$ews_container_name"; then
            check_requirements
            printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Stopping $lab_name. . .\n"
            $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" stop
            printf "\033[32m✔ $lab_name stopped.\033[0m\n"
        else
            printf "\033[34m[Information]\033[0m No containers to stop.\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -clean)
        show_banner
        if container_exists "$ot_container_name" || container_exists "$ews_container_name"; then
            check_requirements
            printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Cleaning up all $lab_name resources. . .\n"
            $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" down -v
            docker network rm "$lab_net" 2>/dev/null
            rm -f "$compose_file"
            printf "\033[32m✔ All $lab_name resources removed.\033[0m\n"
        else
             printf "\033[34m[Information]\033[0m No containers found to clean.\n"
             exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -run)
        show_banner
        if container_exists "$ews_container_name"; then
            check_requirements
            printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Accessing $ews_container_name terminal. . .\n"
            docker exec -it "$ews_container_name" bash
        else
            printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Container $ews_container_name not found.\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -restart)
        show_banner
        check_requirements
        if [ ! -f "$compose_file" ]; then
            printf "\033[31m[Error]\033[0m Cannot restart: $compose_file not found.\n"
            exit 1
        fi

        printf "\033[1;33m[Working]\033[0m Restarting $lab_name. . .\n"
        $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" up -d
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
            printf "\033[32m✔ $lab_name restarted.\033[0m\n"
        else
            printf "\033[31m✘ $lab_name failed to restart.\033[0m\n"
            exit 1
        fi
        ;;
    -status)
        show_banner
        check_requirements
        $DOCKER_COMPOSE_CMD -f "$compose_file" ps
        ;;
    *)
        show_banner
        echo "Usage: $0 -start [kali|ubuntu] | -stop | -clean | -run | -restart | -status"
        echo ""
        echo "  -start     Start the $lab_name environment using the specified distro (default: ubuntu)"
        echo "             Valid options: kali (rolling) or ubuntu (22.04)"
        echo "  -run       Open a terminal inside the $ews_container_name container"
        echo "  -clean     Remove containers, volumes, and network"
        echo "  -stop      Stop all containers"
        echo "  -restart   Restart previously stopped containers"
        echo "  -status    Show current containers status"
        echo ""
        echo "[i] Local images required: ews-image-kali01 and ews-image-ubuntu01"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac